In an experiment, chimpanzees of a certain species gave researchers tokens from a bucket in exchange for grapes. For presentation of a grey token, the chimpanzee who presented it got one grape; while presentation of red token brought two grapes; one grape for that chimpanzee and another grape for an unfamiliar chimpanzee visible through a screen. The chimpanzees usually choose the red tokens. The researchers concluded that chimpanzees of that species are motivated by the desire to help other chimpanzees as well as themselves.

Performing one or more experiments to answer which of the following question would contribute most to evaluate the interpretation given to the experiment described above?

Urban air contains more sulfur dioxide than does rural air, and plants in cities typically grow more slowly than do plants in rural areas. In an experiment to see how much of the difference in growth is due to sulfur dioxide, classes in an urban and a rural school grew plants in greenhouses at their schools and filtered the greenhouse air to eliminate sulfur dioxide. Plants in the urban greenhouse grew more slowly than those in the rural greenhouse.

Which of the following, if true, would it be most important to take into account in evaluating the result?

Technisoft is a software company that provides a range of software solutions. Its founding members as well as employees come from reputed technology institutions in the country and carry rich experience of working on cutting edge technologies. Technisoft segregates each live project strictly into one of the three categories - Software Development Projects, Software Testing Projects, and Software Maintenance Projects.

Software Development Projects: Involve the process of end-to-end computer programming, documenting, testing, and bug fixing required in creating and maintaining applications and frameworks entailed in a software release life cycle and resulting in a software product.

Software Testing Projects: Involve the process of executing a program or application with the intent of finding the software bugs. This process can also be stated as the process of validating and verifying that a software program or application or product works as expected.

Software Maintenance Projects: Involve modification of a software product after delivery to

correct faults and to improve performance or other attributes.

Sales manager: My salespeople are required to attend classes to keep their sales skills current. We use a lot of company time organizing this training—renting meeting rooms, hiring trainers, and holding sessions during business hours. We can decrease the amount of company time devoted to salespeople's training by requiring the sales staff to use online tutorials and videos instead.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the idea that the sales manager's proposal will have the predicted effect?

Denoma, a major consumer-electronics maker, had a sizeable decline in sales revenue for its most recent fiscal year. This result appears surprising, because electronics retailers report that although their overall sales were considerably lower than in the previous year, their sales revenue from Denoma models actually grew, largely thanks to some innovative and popular models that Denoma introduced.

Which of the following, if true, does most to explain the apparently surprising result?

Ecoefficiency (measures to minimize environmental impact through the reduction or elimination of waste from production processes) has become a goal for companies worldwide, with many realizing significant cost savings from such innovations. Peter Senge and Goran Carstedt see this development as laudable but suggest that simply adopting ecoefficiency innovations could actually worsen environmental stresses in the future. Such innovations reduce production waste but do not alter the number of products manufactured nor the waste generated from their use and discard; indeed, most companies invest in ecoefficiency improvements in order to increase profits and growth. Moreover, there is no guarantee that increased economic growth from ecoefficiency will come in similarly ecoefficient ways, since in today’s global markets, greater profits may be turned into investment capital that could easily be reinvested in old-style eco-inefficient industries. Even a vastly more ecoefficient industrial system could, were it to grow much larger, generate more total waste and destroy more habitat and species than would a smaller, less ecoefficient economy. Senge and Carstedt argue that to preserve the global environment and sustain economic growth, businesses must develop a new systemic approach that reduces total material use and total accumulated waste. Focusing exclusively on ecoefficiency, which offers a compelling business case according to established thinking, may distract companies from pursuing radically different products and business models.

In Country C, some but not all eligible voters are required to vote. The particulars of the country's laws governing voting are as follows.

• Every citizen who is eligible must vote on election day.
• A person is eligible if (and only if) he or she meets the age requirement and either is a citizen or meets the residency requirement for noncitizens.
• The age requirement is that every voter must be at least 19 years old on election day.
• The residency requirement for noncitizens is that the voter must have been a resident of Country C for at least 5 years on election day.

Consider the following individuals:

Abigail: a citizen who is currently 19 years old

Barbara: a 7-year resident noncitizen who is currently 19 years old

Charles: a 7-year resident noncitizen who is currently 18 years old

For an election held today, select the individual or individuals who must vote, based on the information provided, and select the individual or individuals who must not vote, based on the information provided. Make only two selections, one in each column.­

Since it has become known that several of a bank’s top executives have been buying shares in their own bank, the bank’s depositors, who had been worried by rumors that the bank faced impending financial collapse, have been greatly relieved. They reason that since top executives evidently have faith in the bank’s financial soundness, those worrisome rumors must be false. They might well be overoptimistic, however since corporate executives have sometimes bought shares in their own company in a calculated attempt to dispel negative rumors about the company’s health.

In the argument given, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?

The symbol Ω represents one of the following operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication or division. What is the value of 1 Ω 1?

(1) 2 Ω 2 = 4

(2) 0 Ω 1 = 0

If t is a positive integer and r is the remainder when t² + 5t + 6 is divided by 7, what is the value of r?

(1) When t is divided by 7, the remainder is 6.

(2) When t² is divided by 7, the remainder is 1.