题目

Urban air contains more sulfur dioxide than does rural air, and plants in cities typically grow more slowly than do plants in rural areas. In an experiment to see how much of the difference in growth is due to sulfur dioxide, classes in an urban and a rural school grew plants in greenhouses at their schools and filtered the greenhouse air to eliminate sulfur dioxide. Plants in the urban greenhouse grew more slowly than those in the rural greenhouse.


Which of the following, if true, would it be most important to take into account in evaluating the result?

选项

A.

The urban school was located in a part of the city in which levels of sulfur dioxide in the air were usually far lower than is typical for urban areas.  


B.

At both schools, the plants in the greenhouses grew much more quickly than did plants planted outdoors in plots near the greenhouses.

C.

The urban class conducting the experiment was larger than the rural class conducting the experiment.

D.

Heavy vehicular traffic such as is found in cities constantly deposits grime on greenhouse windows, reducing the amount of light that reaches the plants inside.

E.

Because of the higher levels of sulfur dioxide in the air at the urban school, the air filters for the urban school's greenhouse were changed more frequently than were those at the rural school.

解析

### 1、题目翻译 城市空气中的二氧化硫比农村空气中的多,而且城市里的植物通常比农村地区的植物生长得更慢。在一个旨在探究生长差异在多大程度上是由二氧化硫导致的实验中,城市和农村的学校的班级在各自学校的温室里种植植物,并对温室空气进行过滤以去除二氧化硫。城市温室里的植物比农村温室里的植物生长得更慢。 ### 2、核心论点及正确答案方向 - **核心论点** - **论点**:在去除二氧化硫影响(通过过滤温室空气)的情况下,城市温室的植物仍比农村温室的植物生长缓慢。 - **论据**:城市空气中二氧化硫多,城市植物一般生长慢;此次实验中对城市和农村学校温室空气过滤除二氧化硫。 - **正确答案方向** - 正确答案应该是能够提供除二氧化硫之外其他可能影响植物生长速度因素的选项,从而帮助评估该实验结果,即解释为什么在去除二氧化硫这个变量后城市温室植物依然生长缓慢。 ### 3、各选项分析 - **A选项** - **内容翻译**:城市学校位于城市中二氧化硫含量通常远低于城市典型水平的区域。 - **分析**:即便城市学校所在区域二氧化硫含量相对城市典型值低,但实验中已经对空气进行过滤去除二氧化硫了,所以该选项无法解释城市温室植物仍生长缓慢的原因,不能对实验结果的评估起到重要作用,排除。 - **B选项** - **内容翻译**:在两所学校,温室里的植物都比温室附近户外地块种植的植物生长快得多。 - **分析**:该选项比较的是温室植物和户外植物的生长速度,而不是城市温室和农村温室植物生长速度差异的原因,与实验想要探究的内容无关,排除。 - **C选项** - **内容翻译**:进行实验的城市班级比农村班级规模大。 - **分析**:班级规模大小与植物生长速度毫无关联,不能解释实验中城市温室植物生长缓慢的现象,排除。 - **D选项** - **内容翻译**:城市中常见的大量车辆交通不断在温室窗户上沉积污垢,减少了到达室内植物的光照量。 - **分析**:该选项指出了城市温室存在的一个特殊情况,即光照量减少这一除二氧化硫之外的因素,而光照量会影响植物生长速度,很好地解释了为什么在排除二氧化硫影响后城市温室的植物依然生长缓慢,对评估实验结果很重要,当选。 - **E选项** - **内容翻译**:由于城市学校空气中二氧化硫含量较高,城市学校温室的空气过滤器比农村学校的更换更频繁。 - **分析**:空气过滤器更换频率与植物生长速度之间没有直接关联,不能解释城市温室植物生长缓慢的原因,排除。
在线客服
官方微信
公众号