题目

In Kravonia, the average salary for jobs requiring a college degree has always been higher than the average salary for jobs that do not require a degree. Over the last few years, the number of Kravonians enrolled in college has been growing steadily. Therefore, the number of Kravonians entering the job market who have at least the qualification of a college degree will eventually be significantly higher than it has been over the last few years.


Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

选项

A.

Kravonians with more than one college degree earn little more, on average, than do Kravonians with only one college degree.

B.

The average number of years Kravonian college students remain enrolled before completing a degree has been increasing over the past several years.

C.

Despite the increase in the number of Kravonians attending college, the percentage of the population attending college is lower in Kravonia than in most other countries.

D.

In recent years, employers have been requiring college degrees for workers in jobs that were previously performed successfully by Kravonians who did not have college degrees.

E.

For many years, employers in Kravonia have had difficulty finding enough college graduates to fill the high-paying jobs that were available.


解析

在Kravonia,要求大学学位的工作的平均薪资一直高于不需要学位的工作。过去几年里,Kravonia的大学入学人数一直在稳步增长。因此,**进入就业市场且至少具备大学学位资格的Kravonia人的数量最终会显著高于过去几年的情况**。 - **核心论点**:未来进入就业市场的大学毕业生数量会显著高于过去几年。 - **论据**:过去几年Kravonia的大学入学人数稳步增长。 - **逻辑链**:入学人数增长 → 未来毕业进入市场的人数增多(隐含假设:入学人数增长必然导致毕业人数/进入市场的人数同步增长)。 - **正确答案方向**:需指出“入学人数增长”与“进入就业市场的毕业生数量增长”之间的逻辑断裂,例如:毕业周期延长、辍学率升高、毕业难度增加等,导致入学增长但实际进入市场的毕业生数量未显著增加。 - **选项A**:拥有多个大学学位的Kravonia人平均收入仅比只有一个学位的人略高。 分析:讨论的是“收入差异”,与“进入就业市场的毕业生数量”无关,话题不一致,无法削弱。 - **选项B**:Kravonia大学生完成学位前的平均在校时间在过去几年持续增加。 分析:入学人数增长,但**毕业时间延长**(在校时间增加)意味着:即使入学人数变多,大量学生因在校时间变长而延迟毕业,无法及时进入就业市场。因此,“入学人数增长”不一定带来“进入市场的毕业生数量显著增加”,直接削弱了论点的逻辑链。 - **选项C**:尽管入学人数增加,Kravonia的大学入学率仍低于多数其他国家。 分析:比较的是“Kravonia与其他国家的入学率”,与“Kravonia自身未来进入市场的毕业生数量”无关,话题不一致,无法削弱。 - **选项D**:雇主开始要求此前无学位者从事的工作需大学学位。 分析:讨论的是“雇主对学位的需求变化”(需求端),而论点关注的是“毕业生供给数量”(供给端),话题不一致,无法削弱(甚至可能因需求增加暗示供给需增长,有加强倾向)。 - **选项E**:多年来雇主难以找到足够的大学毕业生填补高薪岗位。 分析:讨论的是“过去雇主的招聘难度”(需求端的过去情况),与“未来进入市场的毕业生数量是否显著增长”无关,话题不一致,无法削弱。 综上,只有选项B通过“毕业时间延长”切断了“入学人数增长→进入市场的毕业生数量显著增长”的逻辑链,最能削弱论点。
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