题目
A vessel contains a mixture of milk and water in the ratio of 14 : 3. Now, 25.5 litres of the mixture is taken out from the vessel and 2.5 litres of pure water and5 litres of pure milk is added to the mixture. If the resultant mixture contains 20% water, what was the initial quantity of mixture in the vessel before there placement ? (in litres)
解析
一个容器中装有牛奶和水的混合物,其比例为14:3。现在,从容器中取出25.5升混合物,并向混合物中加入2.5升纯水和5升纯牛奶。如果最终的混合物中含有20%的水,那么在进行置换之前容器中混合物的初始量是多少升?
- 设原来混合物中牛奶的量为\(14x\)升,水的量为\(3x\)升,则原来混合物总量为\(17x\)升。
- 取出\(25.5\)升混合物后,取出的牛奶量为\(25.5\times\frac{14}{17}=21\)升,取出的水量为\(25.5 - 21 = 4.5\)升。
- 此时容器内剩余牛奶\((14x - 21)\)升,剩余水\((3x-4.5)\)升。
- 加入\(2.5\)升水和\(5\)升牛奶后,牛奶的量为\((14x - 21+5)=(14x - 16)\)升,水的量为\((3x-4.5 + 2.5)=(3x-2)\)升。
- 根据最终混合物中含有\(20\%\)的水,可列出方程:
\(\frac{3x - 2}{14x-16 + 3x-2}=\frac{1}{5}\)
\(\frac{3x - 2}{17x-18}=\frac{1}{5}\)
\(5(3x - 2)=17x-18\)
\(15x-10 = 17x-18\)
\(2x=8\)
\(x = 4\)
- 原来混合物总量\(17x = 17\times4=68\)升
所以答案是C。