题目

Jane can paint the wall in J hours, and Bill can paint the same wall in B hours. They begin at noon together. If J and B are both even numbers is J=B?


(1) Jane and Bill finish at 4:48 p.m.


(2) (J+B)2=400

选项

A.

Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.


B.

Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.


C.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.


D.

EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.


E.

Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.

解析

简(Jane)粉刷一面墙需要\(J\)小时,比尔(Bill)粉刷同一面墙需要\(B\)小时。他们中午一起开始粉刷。如果\(J\)和\(B\)都是偶数,那么\(J = B\)吗? **条件(1)** 已知他们从中午开始,在下午4:48完成,即总共花费了\(4\)小时\(48\)分钟。因为\(48\)分钟等于\(\frac{48}{60}=0.8\)小时,所以总共花费了\(4.8\)小时。 简的工作效率是\(\frac{1}{J}\),比尔的工作效率是\(\frac{1}{B}\),两人合作的工作效率是\(\frac{1}{J}+\frac{1}{B}=\frac{J + B}{JB}\)。 根据工作时间\(t=\frac{1}{\text{工作效率}}\),可得\(\frac{JB}{J + B}=4.8\),即\(JB = 4.8J+4.8B\),\(JB-4.8J - 4.8B=0\),\(J(B - 4.8)-4.8B=0\),\(J=\frac{4.8B}{B - 4.8}\)。 因为\(J\)和\(B\)都是偶数,通过代入偶数进行试值,可以发现只有\(J = B = 12\)时满足等式,所以条件(1)单独充分。 **条件(2)** \((J + B)^{2}=400\),则\(J + B=\pm20\)。因为\(J\)和\(B\)表示工作时间,都是正数,所以\(J + B = 20\)。 例如\(J=2,B = 18\)或者\(J = B=10\)等多种情况都满足\(J + B=20\),所以不能确定\(J = B\),条件(2)单独不充分。 综上所述,答案是A,即Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient。
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