题目
An integer x is selected at random from the set {17, 21, 23, 25, 27, 30, 33}.
Quantity A
The probability that the average (arithmetic mean) of 8, 16, and x is at least 17
选项
A.The quantity in Column A is greater.
B.The quantity in Column B is greater.
C.The two quantities are equal.
D.The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.
解析
我们先算出能使平均数**恰好为17**的x值:
由此可列出方程:
(8+16+x)/3 = 17
两边同乘以3:
8+16+x = 51
化简求解:
24+x = 51
x = 27
所以,x=27 时平均数为17。
接下来计算“平均数至少为17”的概率:
P(平均数 ≥ 17) = P(选取的值 ≥ 27)
在集合 {17, 21, 23, 25, 27, 30, 33} 中,大于或等于27的值共有3个。
因此:
P(平均数至少为17) = 3/7
我们得到:
A项 = 3/7
B项 = 1/2
1/2 > 3/7,所以答案是 B。