题目

An investor will use $2,000 to purchase 10 shares of a certain stock at $200 per share. At the same time, she will invest another sum of money in a certificate of deposit (CD) that earns 2% simple interest annually. The investor would like to know how much money she should invest in the CD to meet her goal of net earnings (before any taxes or other fees) of $360 from the two investments at the end of one year.


In the table, select for CD assuming 10% gain the amount the investor should invest in the CD to meet her goal under the assumption that the stock price will have increased by 10% at the end of one year, and select for CD assuming 5% loss the amount she should invest in the CD to meet her goal under the assumption that the stock price will have decreased by 5% at the end of one year. Make only two selections, one in each column.

选项

A.

$8,000

B.

$10,000

C.

$20,000

D.

$23,000

E.

$36,000

解析

一位投资者将用 **2000美元** 购买某只股票(10股,每股200美元)。同时,她会将另一笔资金投资于**年化单利2%的定期存单(CD)**。该投资者希望了解:为了在一年后实现 **360美元的净收益目标(税前及其他费用)**,她需要在CD中投入多少钱。 - 选择 **“假设股票上涨10%时的CD投资额”**:即假设一年后股价上涨10%,为达成目标需投入CD的金额; - 选择 **“假设股票下跌5%时的CD投资额”**:即假设一年后股价下跌5%,为达成目标需投入CD的金额。 请在两列中各选一个答案,仅做两次选择。 这道题思路很直接,我们的目标是快速答对,为难题留出额外时间。 由于股价变动周期为1年,且CD的收益为**年化单利**,我们可以用以下公式计算应投入CD的金额: > 股票收益 + CD收益 = 360 > CD收益 = 360 − 股票收益 > 0.02 ×(CD投资额)= 360 − 股票收益 这里有一个快速解题的关键点:她用2000美元买股票的具体方式(10股、每股200美元)并不影响结果。无论买多少股、股价多少,**2000美元的股票投资** 涨跌幅度都和股价的涨跌幅度完全一致。 #### 情况1:股价上涨10% 设此时应投入CD的金额为 \(C_1\),则: \[ \begin{align*} 0.02C_1 &= 360 - 0.10 \times 2000 \\ 0.02C_1 &= 360 - 200 \\ 0.02C_1 &= 160 \\ C_1 &= 8000 \end{align*} \] #### 情况2:股价下跌5% 设此时应投入CD的金额为 \(C_2\),则: \[ \begin{align*} 0.02C_2 &= 360 - (-0.05 \times 2000) \\ 0.02C_2 &= 360 + 100 \\ 0.02C_2 &= 460 \\ C_2 &= 23000 \end{align*} \]
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