题目
The operation ⊗ is defined for all nonzero numbers a and b by a ⊗ b = a/b – b/a. If x and y are nonzero numbers, which of the following statements must be true?
I. x ⊗ xy = x(1 ⊗ y)
II. x ⊗ y = -(y ⊗ x)
III. 1/x ⊗ 1/y = y ⊗ x
解析
已知:对于所有非零数 \(a\) 和 \(b\),定义 \(a @ b = \frac{a}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\)。
I. \(x @ (xy) = x(1 @ y)\):
左边 \(= x @ (xy) = \frac{x}{xy} - \frac{xy}{x} = \frac{1}{y} - y\),
右边 \(= x(1 @ y) = x\left(\frac{1}{y} - y\right)\),
可以看到左边 ≠ 右边;
II. \(x @ y = -(y @ x)\):
左边 \(= x @ y = \frac{x}{y} - \frac{y}{x}\),
右边 \(= -(y @ x) = -\left(\frac{y}{x} - \frac{x}{y}\right) = \frac{x}{y} - \frac{y}{x}\),
所以左边 = 右边;
III. \(\left(\frac{1}{x}\right) @ \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) = y @ x\):
左边 \(= \left(\frac{1}{x}\right) @ \left(\frac{1}{y}\right) = \frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\frac{1}{y}} - \frac{\frac{1}{y}}{\frac{1}{x}} = \frac{y}{x} - \frac{x}{y}\),
右边 \(= y @ x = \frac{y}{x} - \frac{x}{y}\),
所以左边 = 右边。
答案:E(II 和 III)。