题目

Aside from yielding cotton fiber, the cotton plant produces oil-rich seeds from which oil for human consumption is extracted. The seeds contain a natural poison, that must be carefully removed before the oil is extracted. The expense of removing the poison makes cottonseed oil relatively expensive. If biotechnological researchers succeed in engineering cotton whose seeds lack the poison, cottonseed oil could be made more cheaply and sales, therefore, would greatly expand.


Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

选项

A.

Cottonseeds can also be used to feed livestock, but only after the poison they contain has been removed.

B.

There is no commercial use for the poison that cottonseeds contain.

C.

Biotechnological researchers believe that it will be possible to engineer poison-free cotton without interfering with the quality of the fiber it produces.

D.

The poison that cottonseeds contain protects them from being eaten by birds that are serious pests of other seed crops.

E.

The cost of removing the poison from cottonseeds has been brought down as far as currently available techniques permit.

解析

除了产出棉纤维外,棉花植株还会产出富含油脂的种子,从中可提取供人类食用的油。这些种子含有一种天然毒素,在提取油之前必须小心去除。去除毒素的费用使得棉籽油相对昂贵。如果生物技术研究人员成功培育出种子不含毒素的棉花,棉籽油的生产成本就可降低,因此销量会大幅增长。 - **核心论点**:若培育出种子无毒素的棉花,棉籽油成本降低,销量会大幅增长。 - **论据**:当前因需去除毒素,棉籽油生产成本高、价格贵。 - **削弱方向**:需找到一个选项,说明“培育无毒素棉花种子”后,仍存在阻碍销量大幅增长的因素(如产量下降、供应不足等),或成本未如预期降低。 - **选项A**:棉籽也可用于喂养牲畜,但只有在去除所含毒素之后。 该选项讨论棉籽的**其他用途**(喂养牲畜),但未涉及“棉籽油的成本/销量”。即使棉籽可喂牲畜,只要棉籽油成本降低,其销量仍可能增长。因此无法削弱论点。 - **选项B**:棉籽所含的毒素没有商业用途。 毒素有无商业用途,与“去除毒素的成本是否降低”无关(只要种子无毒素,就无需去除毒素,成本仍会降低)。因此无法削弱论点。 - **选项C**:生物技术研究人员认为,在不影响纤维质量的前提下培育无毒素棉花是可能的。 该选项**加强论点**,说明培育无毒素棉花的可行性(纤维质量不受影响),进一步支持“成本降低、销量增长”的逻辑。 - **选项D**:棉籽含有的毒素能保护它们不被鸟类吃掉,而这些鸟类是其他种子作物的严重害虫。 毒素的作用是**防止鸟类(害虫)吃棉籽**。若棉花种子无毒素,鸟类会大量食用棉籽,导致棉籽产量骤降。此时,即使去除毒素的成本消失,棉籽(榨油原料)的供应不足也会推高棉籽油的成本(或限制产量),最终无法实现“销量大幅增长”。该选项通过“毒素的防虫作用”,指出培育无毒素棉花后可能出现的负面后果,削弱了论点。 - **选项E**:去除棉籽毒素的成本已降至现有技术的极限。 该选项说明“当前技术无法再降低去除毒素的成本”,反而**加强**了“培育无毒素棉花是降低成本的唯一途径”这一逻辑,与“削弱论点”的方向相反。 综上,正确答案为D。
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