题目
The extinct earliest known ancestor of the cheetah, a large cat now found only in Africa, lived only in what is now western North America when the two continents were conjoined, as fossil skeletons found in North America but nowhere else indicate. That ancestor shared certain skeletal features with the cheetah but with no other cat.
If all of the information above is true, which of the following hypotheses does it most strongly support?
选项
A.The cheetah, because of certain distinctive skeletal features, is an efficient predator.
B.The outward appearance of an animal can be reconstructed from its skeletal structure.
C.The cheetah's skeletal structure has remained unchanged since prehistoric times.
D.The ancestor of the cheetah had relatively few nonskeletal features in common with the modern cheetah.
E.The cheetah or an ancestor of it migrated to what is now Africa from what is now North America.
解析
已灭绝的猎豹(一种如今仅存于非洲的大型猫科动物)的已知最早祖先,在两大洲(北美和非洲所在的大陆)相连时,只生活在如今的北美西部,正如在北美发现但在其他地方未发现的化石骨架所表明的那样。那个祖先与猎豹共享某些骨骼特征,但与其他任何猫科动物都不共享。
核心要素:①猎豹的最早祖先的化石仅在北美被发现(当时北美与非洲所在大陆相连);②该祖先与猎豹共享独特的骨骼特征(与其他猫科动物无此共性);③现代猎豹仅分布在非洲。
正确答案方向:需结合“祖先的地理分布(北美)”“现代猎豹的地理分布(非洲)”及“骨骼特征的亲缘关联”,推断出猎豹或其祖先从北美迁徙至非洲的假说。
- 选项A:“猎豹因独特骨骼特征是高效捕食者”。题目未提及骨骼特征与捕食效率的关联,属于无关推理,排除。
- 选项B:“动物外观可从骨骼结构重建”。题目未涉及“外观”与“骨骼结构”的重建关系,话题无关,排除。
- 选项C:“猎豹骨骼结构自史前未变”。题目仅表明祖先与猎豹有共同骨骼特征,无法推出“自史前完全未变”,“unchanged”表述绝对,排除。
- 选项D:“猎豹祖先与现代猎豹的非骨骼特征共同点少”。题目仅讨论“骨骼特征”,未涉及“非骨骼特征”的比较,无法推断,排除。
- 选项E:“猎豹或其祖先从如今的北美迁徙到如今的非洲”。结合“祖先生活在北美(大陆相连时)”“现代猎豹分布在非洲”“祖先与猎豹有骨骼亲缘性”,可合理推断猎豹或其祖先从北美(大陆相连区域)迁徙至非洲,符合逻辑,当选。