If 20 diggers, each working at the same constant rate, can dig a 100-meter long trench in hard soil in 3 days, how many diggers are needed to dig a 180-meter long trench in soft soil in the same 3 days, given that a digger is 20% more productive in soft soil than in hard soil?

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20名挖掘工在硬土中挖100米长的沟渠需要3天。 1名挖掘工在硬土中3天可以挖\( \frac{100}{20} = 5 \)米长的沟渠。由于软土中效率提升20%，1名挖掘工在软土中3天可以挖\( 5 × 1.2 = 6 \)米。因此，要在3天内于软土中挖180米长的沟渠，需要的挖掘工数量为：\( \frac{180}{6} = 30 \)名。答案：D

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