题目
Both restaurants in downtown Rosemond—Sam's Diner and the Main Street Café—offer a lunch special consisting of a sandwich, a dessert, and a drink for a set price. Which restaurant offers customers more choices for the lunch special?
(1) The Main Street Café offers twice as many sandwich choices as Sam's Diner.
(2) Sam's Diner has 2 more drink choices and 2 more dessert choices than the Main Street Café.
选项
A.Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.
B.Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.
C.BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
D.EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.
E.Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.
解析
罗斯蒙德市中心的两家餐馆——山姆餐厅和主街咖啡馆——都提供一种午餐套餐,包括一个三明治、一份甜点和一杯饮料,且价格固定。哪家餐馆为顾客提供的午餐套餐选择更多?
设三明治种类为\(x\),饮料种类为\(y\),甜点种类为\(z\)。
要计算两家店的午餐特选组合数,需用“三明治种类×饮料种类×甜点种类”。
#### 条件(1):主街咖啡馆的三明治选择数是山姆餐厅的2倍。
- 主街咖啡馆:\(2x\)种三明治,山姆餐厅:\(x\)种三明治。
- **缺陷**:未提及两家店的饮料和甜点种类。
- **结论**:不充分。
#### 条件(2):山姆餐厅的饮料和甜点选择数比主街咖啡馆各多2种。
- 主街咖啡馆:\(y\)种饮料、\(z\)种甜点;山姆餐厅:\(y+2\)种饮料、\(z+2\)种甜点。
- **缺陷**:未提及两家店的三明治种类。
- **结论**:不充分。
#### 条件(1)+(2):
- 主街咖啡馆组合数:\(2x \times y \times z\)
- 山姆餐厅组合数:\(x \times (y+2) \times (z+2)\)
**比较两者大小**:
1. 若主街咖啡馆组合更多:
\[
2xyz > x(y+2)(z+2) \quad \Rightarrow \quad 2yz > (y+2)(z+2)
\]
举例:\(y=z=10\)时,左边\(2×10×10=200\),右边\((10+2)(10+2)=144\),不等式成立。
2. 若山姆餐厅组合更多:
\[
2xyz < x(y+2)(z+2) \quad \Rightarrow \quad 2yz < (y+2)(z+2)
\]
举例:\(y=z=1\)时,左边\(2×1×1=2\),右边\((1+2)(1+2)=9\),不等式成立。
**结论**:两种情况均可能,无法确定哪家店组合更多。
**答案:E**