题目
Pumping alone at their respective constant rates, one inlet pipe fills an empty tank to of capacity in 3 hours and a second inlet pipe fills the same empty tank to of capacity in 6 hours. How many hours will it take both pipes, pumping simultaneously at their respective constant rates, to fill the empty tank to capacity?
解析
单独以各自恒定的速率抽水,一根进水管在3小时内将一个空水箱注满到容量的\(\frac{1}{2}\),第二根进水管在6小时内将同一个空水箱注满到容量的\(\frac{2}{3}\)。两根管道以各自恒定的速率同时抽水,将空水箱注满需要多少小时?
第一根水管:在3小时内注满水箱的\(\frac{1}{2}\),那么它每小时的注水速率\(r_1\)为\(\frac{1}{2}\div3=\frac{1}{6}\)(即每小时注满水箱的\(\frac{1}{6}\))
第二根水管:在6小时内注满水箱的\(\frac{2}{3}\),其每小时的注水速率\(r_2\)为\(\frac{2}{3}\div6=\frac{1}{9}\)(即每小时注满水箱的\(\frac{1}{9}\))
两根水管同时注水时的总速率\(r = r_1+r_2=\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{9}=\frac{3 + 2}{18}=\frac{5}{18}\)
已知总速率为\(\frac{5}{18}\),根据工作时间\(t=\frac{1}{r}\)(这里的工作总量为注满1个水箱,即工作总量为\(1\)),可得\(t=\frac{18}{5}=3.6\)小时