题目
A portion of an automobile test track is divided into Segment A, Segment B, and Segment C, in that order. In a performance test on a car, the car traveled Segment A at a constant speed of 140 kilometers per hour (km/h). Immediately after this, the car rapidly slowed on Segment B and then traveled on Segment C at a constant speed of 70 km/h. The length of Segment C is 3 times the length of Segment A, and it took a total of 42 minutes for the car to travel both segments A and C. In the table, select the length of Segment A, in kilometers, and select the length of Segment C, in kilometers. Make only two selections, one in each column.
解析
汽车测试跑道的一部分依次分为A段、B段和C段。在对一辆汽车的性能测试中,汽车以每小时140公里(km/h)的恒定速度驶过A段。紧接着,汽车在B段迅速减速,然后以每小时70公里(km/h)的恒定速度驶过C段。C段的长度是A段长度的3倍,汽车驶过A段和C段总共用时42分钟。在表格中,选择A段的长度(以公里为单位),并选择C段的长度(以公里为单位)。只能进行两项选择,每列一项。
已知总用时\(42\)分钟,因为速度的单位是公里每小时,所以将时间换算成小时,\(42\)分钟=\(\frac{42}{60}=\frac{7}{10}\)小时。
设A段的长度为\(x\)公里,因为C段的长度是A段长度的\(3\)倍,则C段长度为\(3x\)公里。
根据时间 = 路程÷速度,汽车在A段的行驶时间为\(\frac{x}{140}\)小时,在C段的行驶时间为\(\frac{3x}{70}\)小时。
已知汽车驶过A段和C段总共用时\(\frac{7}{10}\)小时,可列方程:
\(\frac{x}{140}+\frac{3x}{70}=\frac{7}{10}\)
\(\frac{x}{140}+\frac{6x}{140}=\frac{7}{10}\)(通分)
\(\frac{7x}{140}=\frac{7}{10}\)
\(x = 14\)(解得A段长度\(x = 14\)公里)
因为C段长度是A段长度的\(3\)倍,所以C段长度为\(3×14 = 42\)公里
所以A段长度选择B选项(14公里),C段长度选择D选项(42公里)。