题目
Shannon and Maxine work in the same building and leave work at the same time. Shannon lives due north of work and Maxine lives due south. The distance between Maxine's house and Shannon's house is 60 miles. If they both drive home at the rate 2R miles per hour, Maxine arrives home 40 minutes after Shannon. If Maxine rider her bike home at the rate of R per hour and Shannon still drives at a rate of 2R miles per hour, Shannon arrives home 2 hours before Maxine. How far does maxine live from work?
解析
香农(Shannon)和玛克辛(Maxine)在同一栋大楼工作,并同时下班。香农住在单位的正北方,玛克辛住在单位的正南方。玛克辛家和香农家之间的距离是60英里。如果他们都以\(2R\)英里每小时的速度开车回家,玛克辛比香农晚到家40分钟(\(\frac{40}{60}=\frac{2}{3}\)小时)。如果玛克辛以\(R\)英里每小时的速度骑自行车回家,而香农仍然以\(2R\)英里每小时的速度开车回家,香农比玛克辛早到家2小时。玛克辛的家离单位有多远?
设香农的家离单位\(x\)英里,那么玛克辛的家离单位\((60 - x)\)英里
#### 情况一:当两人都以\(2R\)英里每小时的速度开车时
根据时间=距离/速度,香农到家所需时间为\(\frac{x}{2R}\)小时,玛克辛到家所需时间为\(\frac{60 - x}{2R}\)小时。已知玛克辛比香农晚到家\(\frac{2}{3}\)小时,可得到方程:
\(\frac{60 - x}{2R}-\frac{x}{2R}=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\frac{60 - 2x}{2R}=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(60-2x=\frac{4}{3}R\)
\(180 - 6x = 4R\)
\(R=\frac{180 - 6x}{4}=\frac{90 - 3x}{2}\)
#### 情况二:当玛克辛以\(R\)英里每小时的速度骑自行车,香农以\(2R\)英里每小时的速度开车时
香农到家所需时间为\(\frac{x}{2R}\)小时,玛克辛到家所需时间为\(\frac{60 - x}{R}\)小时。已知香农比玛克辛早到家2小时,可得到方程:
\(\frac{60 - x}{R}-\frac{x}{2R}=2\)
将\(R=\frac{90 - 3x}{2}\)代入上式:
\(\frac{60 - x}{\frac{90 - 3x}{2}}-\frac{x}{2\times\frac{90 - 3x}{2}}=2\)
\(\frac{2(60 - x)}{90 - 3x}-\frac{x}{90 - 3x}=2\)
\(\frac{120-2x-x}{90 - 3x}=2\)
\(\frac{120 - 3x}{90 - 3x}=2\)
\(120-3x = 2(90 - 3x)\)
\(120-3x=180 - 6x\)
\(3x = 60\)
\(x = 20\)
所以玛克辛的家离单位的距离\(60 - x=60-20 = 40\)英里
综上,答案是D选项。