题目

Is the positive two-digit integer N less than 40 ?

(1) The units digit of N is 6 more than the tens digit.


(2) N is 4 less than 4 times the units digit.

选项

A.

Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.


B.

Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.


C.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.


D.

EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.


E.

Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.

解析

- 正的两位数整数\(N\)是否小于\(40\)? - (1)\(N\)的个位数字比十位数字大\(6\)。 - (2)\(N\)比它个位数字的\(4\)倍少\(4\)。 **对于条件(1):** 设\(N\)的十位数字为\(x\),个位数字为\(y\),则\(y=x + 6\)。 因为\(x\)是十位数字,所以\(x\geq0\),又因为\(N\)是两位数,所以\(x\)最大为\(3\)(当\(x = 3\)时,\(y=9\),\(N = 39\);当\(x = 4\)时,\(y = 10\)不符合个位数字的定义)。 所以\(N\)一定小于\(40\),条件(1)单独充分。 **对于条件(2):** 设\(N\)的十位数字为\(a\),个位数字为\(b\),则\(N=10a + b\)。 根据条件可得\(10a + b=4b-4\),即\(10a + 4 = 3b\)。 因为\(b\)是整数且\(0\leq b\leq9\),通过试值可知,只有\(b = 8\)时,\(a = 2\)满足等式,此时\(N=28\)小于\(40\); 或者通过分析\(10a+4 = 3b\),因为\(10a + 4\)能被\(3\)整除,且\(a\)是整数,\(a\)只能为\(2\),从而得出\(N = 28\)小于\(40\),条件(2)单独充分。 综上,每个条件单独都能得出\(N\)小于\(40\)的结论,答案为D。
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