题目
The contingency-fee system, which allows lawyers and their clients to agree that the lawyer will be paid only in the event of success, does not increase the number of medical malpractice lawsuits brought against doctors. As attorneys must cover the costs for their time and research, they want to be assured that any medical malpractice case they accept on a contingency-fee basis has substantial merit. Consequently, attorneys turn away many people who come to see them, for lack of a good case.
The argument above is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it fails to
选项
A.specify the criteria attorneys use to judge the merits of a medical malpractice case
B.consider whether, in the absence of a contingency-fee option, even people with meritorious cases are much less likely to initiate litigation if they believe they might incur large legal fees
C.note whether, in successful medical malpractice lawsuits, the average monetary award after legal costs have been deducted is less under contingency-fee arrangements than otherwise
D.consider the effect of the contingency-fee system on the number of lawsuits sought for reasons other than medical malpractice
E.acknowledge the rising cost of medical malpractice insurance
解析
风险代理收费制度,即允许律师和他们的客户约定律师只有在胜诉的情况下才会得到报酬,并不会增加针对医生的医疗事故诉讼的数量。因为律师必须承担他们时间和调查研究的成本,他们希望确保任何基于风险代理收费基础上承接的医疗事故案件都有重大价值。因此,律师会拒绝很多前来找他们的人,因为这些人没有好的案件。
- **论点**:风险代理收费制度不会增加针对医生的医疗事故诉讼数量。
- **论据**:律师因要承担时间和研究成本,会拒绝无重大价值的案件。
- **正确答案方向**:本题是对论证进行批判,正确答案应该指出该论证在逻辑上的漏洞或未考虑到的因素。比如,是否存在其他因素会影响到在有或没有风险代理收费制度时诉讼数量的变化,原论证没有考虑到除律师筛选案件外其他影响诉讼发起的因素等。
- **A选项**:明确律师用来判断医疗事故案件价值的标准。即使知道律师判断案件价值的标准,也不能说明风险代理收费制度到底会不会增加医疗事故诉讼的数量,与论点无关,所以该选项不正确。
- **B选项**:考虑如果没有风险代理收费这一选项,即使有有价值案件的人是否也会因为担心可能产生高额法律费用而不太可能提起诉讼。原论证只考虑了律师基于风险代理收费制度筛选案件从而认为该制度不增加诉讼数量,而该选项指出了在没有这种收费制度时,有价值案件的人也可能因费用问题不提起诉讼,这说明原论证没有考虑到这一因素,存在漏洞,该选项正确。
- **C选项**:注意在成功的医疗事故诉讼中,扣除法律费用后的平均金钱赔偿在风险代理收费安排下是否比其他情况更少。平均金钱赔偿金额与风险代理收费制度是否增加医疗事故诉讼数量没有直接关系,不能对原论证进行批判,所以该选项不正确。
- **D选项**:考虑风险代理收费制度对除医疗事故之外原因的诉讼数量的影响。本题讨论的是针对医生的医疗事故诉讼,该选项说的是其他原因的诉讼,话题不一致,不能对原论证进行批判,所以该选项不正确。
- **E选项**:承认医疗事故保险费用的上升。医疗事故保险费用的上升与风险代理收费制度和医疗事故诉讼数量之间没有关联,不能对原论证进行批判,所以该选项不正确。